Citation Styles: APA, MLA: APA 7th Edition

Complete citations/references are provided at the end of your paper in a references section.

• Organized by author's last name in alphabetic order (A-Z).
• Hanging indents separate each item in the list.

Basic Format:

Author, A.A., & Author, B.B. (Date). Title of Work. Source to find work. URL or DOI if available.

Basic Elements:

1. Author(s). List name and initials as Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. An ampersand (&) is used before the final author's name.
2. (Year).
3. Title of the article. Only the first word of the title and subtitle and proper nouns are capitalized.
4. Title of Journal. Italicize and capitalize each word in the title of the journal.
5. Volume number Italicize the journal volume. If no issue, use a comma before the page range.
6. (Issue number), Include issue number in parentheses after volume number.
7. Page range.
8. DOI (Digital Object Identifier) Read more about DOIs on the APA website!

Basic Elements:

1. Author(s). List name and initials as Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. An ampersand (&) is used before the final author's name.
2. (Year).
3. Title of book. Italicize title and only capitalize first word of title and subtitle and any proper noun.
4. (Edition). If there is an edition or volume, add in parentheses and use abbreviations of ed. or vol.
5. Publisher. Do not include publisher location or database retrieved from.

From Notre Dame Libraries

Basic Elements:

1. Author(s). List chapter author(s) name and initials as Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. An ampersand (&) is used before the final author's name.
2. (Year).
3. Title of chapter. Only capitalize first word of title and subtitle and proper nouns.
4. In Editor(s), List editor(s) last name and initials as A.A. Editor, B.B. Editor, & C.C Editors, include (Ed.) or Eds. in parentheses and end wiith a comma. 
5. Title of book. Italicize title and only capitalize first word of title and subtitle and any proper noun.
6. (pp.xx-xx).
7. Publisher. Do not include publisher location or database retrieved from.

From University of Adelaide

Basic Elements:

1. Author(s). List chapter author(s) name and initials as Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. If there is no author, spell out the name of the organization or site.
2. (Year, Month Date). Use the most specific date as possible. Use date last updated, but not last reviewed or copyright date. If no date available, use (n.d.).
3. Title of page or section. Italicize the title of page and only capitalize first word of title and subtitle and proper nouns.
4. Source. Usually official name of website. If source is the same as the author, omit the source element.
5. URL

Basic Elements:

1. Author(s). List name and initials as Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. If there is no author, spell out the organization's name that published the report
2. (Year, Month Date). Use the most specific date as possible.
3. Title of report or document. Italicize title and only capitalize first word of title and subtitle and any proper noun.
4. Source. Include the names of parent agencies or other organizations not listed in group author name.
5. URL

From Victoria University.

Basic Elements:

1. Author(s). List name and initials as Author, A.A. Do not include faculty advisors.
2. (Year, Month Date). Use the most specific date as possible.
3. Title of dissertation or thesis [Doctoral dissertation or Master's thesis, Name of University]. Italicize title and only capitalize first word of title and subtitle and any proper noun. Include whether dissertation or theses and list name of university granting degree.
4. Source. Include the names of database or institutional repository with access (e.g. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, CSU ScholarWorks, etc.).
5. URL If available.

From Victoria University